Diamond & Cut
The cut of a diamond determines its brilliance. There is no single measurement of a diamond that defines its cut, but rather a collection of measurements and observations that determine the relationship between a diamond's light performance, dimensions and finish. Most gemologists consider cut the most important diamond characteristic because even if a diamond has perfect color and clarity, a diamond with a poor cut will have dulled brilliance.
The width and depth can have an effect on how light travels within the diamond, and how it exits in the form of brilliance.
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Too Shallow :: Light is lost out the bottom causing the diamond to lose brilliance.
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Too Deep :: Light escapes out the sides causing the diamond to appear dark and dull.
Cut Determines Brilliance ::
Determining a diamond's cut grade, however, goes beyond simple measurements of width and depth. Using an optical measuring device, a three-dimensional model is created to determine the diamond's proportions and angles. The interrelations between these various dimensions will greatly affect how light reacts once it enters and how it behaves once it exits; by using sophisticated computer modeling, it is possible to trace light behavior and measure its levels of brightness, fire and scintillation - the face-up appearance.
Diameter :: The width of the diamond as measured through the girdle.
Table :: The largest facet of a gemstone.
Crown :: The top portion of a diamond extending from the girdle to the table.
Girdle :: The intersection of the crown and pavilion which defines the perimeter of the diamond.
Pavilion :: The bottom portion of a diamond, extending from the girdle to the culet.
Culet :: The facet at the tip of a gemstone. The preferred culet is not visible with the unaided eye (graded "none" or "small").
Depth :: The height of a gemstone measured from the culet to the table.
Polish and symmetry are two important aspects of the cutting process. The polish grade describes the smoothness of the diamond's facets, and the symmetry grade refers to alignment of the facets. With poor polish, the surface of a facet can be dulled, and may create blurred or dulled sparkle. With poor symmetry, light can be misdirected as it enters and exits the diamond. The polish and symmetry grades are clearly listed in each diamond detail page and within the GIA or AGSL diamond grading report. For the most beautiful diamond, look for a symmetry grade of excellent (EX), very good (VG), or good (G) for a GIA graded diamond, and ideal (ID), excellent (EX), very good (VG), or good (G) for an AGSL graded diamond. Avoid diamonds with symmetry grades of fair (F) or poor (P), as the alignment of their facets may misdirect light so severely that it affects the brilliance of the diamond.
Which Cut Grade is The Best ?
For the best value in a brilliant diamond, choose a diamond with a cut grade of good or very good, and polish and symmetry grades of very good or good.
If your diamond has an ideal- or very-good cut with very good or good polish and symmetry, you may want to consider less expensive grades of color and clarity — look for a diamond with G or H color and SI1 or SI2 clarity
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